Recommending eBooks for Purchase (Bulletin 168 - November 2021): OUP Latest Titles

Recommending eBooks for Purchase : (Bulletin 168 - November 2021): OUP Latest Titles

Subject Areas

Economics and Finance, Marketing, Public Policy, Entrepreneurship, Leadership, Business & Management

Title List

Regional Development Banks in the World Economy by Judith Clifton (Editor); Daniel Díaz Fuentes (Editor); David Howarth (Editor)
ISBN: 9780191893056
Publication Date: 2021-06-07

Description: Regional development banks (RDB) have become increasingly important in the world economy, but have also been relatively under-researched to date. This timely volume addresses this lack of attention by providing a comprehensive, comparative, and empirically informed analysis of their origins,evolution, and contemporary role in the world economy through to the second decade of the twenty-first century.In Regional Development Banks in the World Economy, the editors provide an analytical framework that includes a revised categorisation of RDB by geographic operation and function. Part one offers detailed analyses of the origins, evolution, and contemporary role of the major RDB, including theInter-American Development Bank, the African Development Bank, the Asian Development Bank, the European Investment Bank, the Central American Bank, the Andean Development Corporation, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development, and the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank. Part two offerscomparative analyses of key topics on RDB, examining their initial design and their changing business models, their shifting role in promoting policies supported by the United States as hegemon and the private sector. The volume ends with a critical reflection on the role played by RDB to date and astrong defence of the need for these banks in an increasingly complex world economy.
Strategic Management by Irene M. Duhaime (Editor); Michael A. Hitt (Editor); Marjorie A. Lyles (Editor)
ISBN: 9780190090920
Publication Date: 2021-08-01

Description: An authoritative overview of the prior development, current state, and future opportunities in strategic management The strategic management field, now a vibrant arena that offers valuable knowledge for managerial practice, has experienced significant growth in the more than forty years since its inception. And, until now, there has not been a book that captured the rich breadth and depth of knowledge of the discipline, while also looking to the future. Strategic Management provides a critical overview of the prior development, current state, and future opportunities in the strategic management field. Editors Irene M. Duhaime, Michael A. Hitt, and Marjorie A. Lyles bring together an exceptional group of scholars to explore specialized topics such as corporate strategy, strategic entrepreneurship, cooperative strategies, global strategy, strategic leadership, governance, innovation, strategy process and strategy practice, and strategic human capital. The book focuses heavily on the future developments and research opportunities available in the field, while also providing a solid base of knowledge for understanding strategic management as a whole. With articles from major leaders in the field, this authoritative volume will be useful to every strategic management scholar.
Monetary Policy in Low Financial Development Countries by Juan-Antonio Morales; Paul Reding
ISBN: 9780191888915
Publication Date: 2021-10-25

Description: Monetary Policy in Low Financial Development Countries provides a broad coverage of the monetary policy issues faced by developing countries with low financial depth. These low and lower middle income countries are characterized by the predominance of bank finance, shallow financial markets, low financial inclusion, weak integration with world capital markets, and a high degree of informality in economic activity. Monetary policy acquires special twists, making it different in many aspects from the policies followed in advanced and emerging market economies. This book covers the main facets of monetary policy making, using an approach that combines discussions of theoretical arguments, of results from empirical studies and of relevant policy experiences. It presents the monetary policy instruments that central banks rely on in these countries. It assesses the specificities of their monetary transmission mechanism, i.e. the way central banks' actions affect output and prices. It evaluates the advantages, drawbacks, and challenges of the different nominal anchors they may choose from: exchange rate targeting, monetary targeting, and inflation targeting. This discussion is set against the background of the three main goals pursued by central banks: price, output, and financial stability. Particular attention is devoted to the issue of the credibility of central banks and to the trade-offs they face when external shocks, to which these countries are very vulnerable, lead to conflicts among the three goals they pursue. The authors also cover more specific topics, such as the coordination between monetary and fiscal policy, the challenges raised by dollarization, the implications of informal labour markets and of microfinance institutions for monetary policy-making, as well as the role of models for forecasting and policy evaluation by central banks.
Growth and Development Planning in India by K. L. Datta
ISBN: 9780190991579
Publication Date: 2021-04-04

Description: The debate around growth has been an important feature of economic planning in India since Independence. This book deals with the wide range of issues related to the country's growth and development between 1951 and 2011, covering the 11 Five Year Plans formulated and implemented during thisperiod, as well as in the decade after that.The author traces the changing nature of planning over time-from rigid state control on economic activities, to reliance on market-based planning in the time of economic reforms. He has dealt with the transition from growth measures in the 1970s, to the use of a mix of growth and redistribution inthe 1980s, and the economic reforms and liberalization measures from 1991 onwards, and the inclusive growth we have seen in the twenty-first century.The central theme of the book is to analyse the role that planning played in maximizing the rate of economic growth and in improving the living standards of the people. Considering India's rapidly changing socio-economic environment, many of the issues around growth and development are contentious.The author discusses them here with academic rigour and an insider's insight, thus enabling a fair assessment.
Failure Management by William B. Rouse
ISBN: 9780191914119
Publication Date: 2021-04-02

Description: Failures are a common phenomena in civilization. Things fail and society responds, often very slowly, sometimes inappropriately. What kinds of things go wrong? Why do they go wrong? How do people and organizations react to failures, and what are the best ways to react?William B. Rouse takes an analytic approach to these questions and addresses eighteen well-known cases of high-consequence failures. He employs a multi-level framework to integrate findings across the case studies, and in turn uses these to outline a conceptual approach to integrated failuremanagement. Though diverse in their causes and outcomes, his analysis shows that the conceptual design of an integrated approach to failure management can encompass each of the case studies, all of which would have benefitted from the same conceptual decision support architecture. This enablescross-cutting system design principles and practices, assuring that failure management in every new domain and context need not start with a blank slate.
Democracy, the Market, and the Firm by Hervé Crès; Mich Tvede
ISBN: 9780191915611
Publication Date: 2021-10-25

Description: Why are collective choices so stable and easy to make in practice, when in theory it should be totally otherwise? This question has puzzled social scientists since Condorcet in the eighteenth century. A striking illustration of this puzzle is the almost unanimous support of shareholders in publicly traded companies to the motions tabled by directors. Democracy, the Market, and the Firm investigates the behavioural assumptions leading to an alignment of shareholders, even in a context of severe market failures, and provides an analysis of the philosophical and axiomatic underpinnings of these assumptions. In sum, and figuratively, Crès and Tvede argue that the invisible hand of the market and the active hand of democracy can work hand in hand to give rise to a better world. The first part of the book explores the interplay between the voting and trading mechanisms. Two main arguments are proposed: on the one hand, the better the market works, the easier it is for majority voting to achieve political stability; on the other hand, among all market equilibria, those that are politically stable are more likely to be economically efficient. The second part of the book explores the feedback from collective choices to individual preferences.
Business Ethics for Better Behavior by Jason Brennan; William English; John Hasnas; Peter Jaworski
ISBN: 9780197606513
Publication Date: 2021-07-20

Description: A clear and concise roadmap for ethical business behavior using commonsense moral principlesBusiness Ethics for Better Behavior concisely answers the three most pressing ethical questions business professionals face: What makes business practices right or wrong?; Why do normal, decent businesspeople of good will sometimes do the wrong thing?; and How can we use the answer to thesequestions to get ourselves, our coworkers, our bosses, and our employees to behave better?Bad behavior in business rarely results from bad will. Most people mean well much of the time. But most of us are vulnerable. We all fall into moral traps, usually without even noticing.Business Ethics for Better Behavior teaches business professionals, students, and other readers how to become aware of those traps, how to avoid them, and how to dig their way out if they fall in. It integrates the best work in psychology, economics, management theory, and normative philosophy intoa simple action plan for ensuring the best ethical performance at all levels of business practice. This is a book anyone in business, from an entry-level employee to CEO, can use.
Business Ethics by Christoph Lutge; Matthias Uhl
ISBN: 9780191896859
Publication Date: 2021-05-18

Description: In an increasingly globalized world, business ethics continues to gain importance as a field of study. This book provides a comprehensive overview of the essential concepts of business ethics related to the economy as a whole, as well as more closely understood corporate ethics related to theindividual company. In contrast to more casuistic works on the topic, special emphasis is placed on a coherent theoretical foundation that puts economic analysis tools at the centre of the consideration. Both classical and experimental economic approaches and results are called upon. The importanceof often-neglected dilemma structures and the resulting implications for an ethics of the modern age are given wide scope, while special attention is also paid to the value of empirical research for business ethics. A substantial portion of the book is devoted to corporate ethics and explores issuesthat encompass corporate responsibility in the context of compliance, corporate social responsibility, corporate citizenship, and creating shared value. This is intended to provide students and academics with an aid in the theoretical classification of the variety of concepts that often coexistincoherently in contemporary debate.As the topic has evolved, it has extended far beyond narrow disciplinary boundaries. This book is intended for students in the social sciences, particularly economics, business, and psychology, as well as the computer sciences, engineering, and the natural sciences.
Sustainability Beyond Technology by Pasi Heikkurinen (Editor); Toni Ruuska (Editor)
ISBN: 9780191897344
Publication Date: 2021-05-29

Description: Current debates on sustainability are largely building on a problematic assumption that increasing technology use and advancement are a desired phenomenon, creating positive change in human organizations. This kind of techno-optimism prevails particularly in the discourses of ecologicalmodernization and green growth, as well as in the attempts to design sustainable modes of production and consumption within growth-driven capitalism. This transdisciplinary book investigates the philosophical underpinnings of technology, presents a culturally sensitive critique to technology, andoutlines feasible alternatives for sustainability beyond technology. It draws on a variety of scholarly disciplines, including the humanities (philosophy and environmental history), social sciences (ecological economics, political economy, and ecology) and natural sciences (geology andthermodynamics) to contribute to sustainability theory and policy. By examining the conflicts and contradictions between technology and sustainability in human organization, the book develops a novel way to conceptualize, confront, and change technology in modern society.
The Challenges of Technology and Economic Catch-Up in Emerging Economies by Jeong-Dong Lee (Editor); Keun Lee (Editor); Dirk Meissner (Editor); Slavo Radosevic (Editor); Nicholas Vonortas (Editor)
ISBN: 9780191918537
Publication Date: 2021-08-24

Description: Innovation is a pivotal driving force behind economic growth. Technological capability deepens and diversifies industrial activity, which fundamentally enhances growth potential. Consequently, failure to build effective technological capability can lead to slow long-term economic growth. Thisbook synthesizes and interprets existing knowledge on technology upgrading failures in order to better understand the challenges of technology upgrading in emerging economies. The objective is to bring together diverse evidence on three major dimensions of technology upgrading: paths of technologyupgrading, structural changes in the nature of technology upgrading, and the issues of technology transfer and technology upgrading. Knowledge on these three dimensions is synthesized at the firm, sector, and macro levels across different countries and world macroregions.Compared to the challenges and uncertainties facing emerging economies, our understanding of technology upgrading is sparse, unsystematic, and scattered. The recent growth slowdown in many emerging economies, often known as the middle-income trap, has reinforced the importance of understanding thetechnology upgrading challenges they experience. While our understanding of these issues from the 1980s and 1990s is relatively more systematised, the more recent changes that took place during the globalization and proliferation of global value chains, and the effects of the 2008 financial crisis,have not been explored and compared synthetically. The current effects of COVID-19, geopolitical struggles, and the growing concern around environmental sustainability add significant complexity to an already problematic situation. The time is ripe to take stock of our existing knowledge onprocesses of technology upgrading in emerging economies and make further inroads in research on this crucial issue.
The Diaspora and Returnee Entrepreneurship by Nick Williams
ISBN: 9780190911904
Publication Date: 2021-04-06

Description: With increased movements of people around the world, the role of transnational economic activity is becoming ever more significant. Yet little is understood about the motivations and contribution of those who return to their homeland to undertake entrepreneurial activity.The Diaspora and Returnee Entrepreneurship analyzes the role that the diaspora play when returning as entrepreneurs to their homeland. Nick Williams investigates "returnee entrepreneurs," or people who have moved away from their home country, lived as part of the diaspora, and later returned hometo live, invest, or both. Based on exhaustive research, this book examines the motivations and activities of these returnee entrepreneurs coming back to challenging homeland economies. Williams draws on evidence from the post-conflict economies of Bosnia, Herzegovina, Kosovo, and Montenegro, all ofwhich are characterized by relatively weak institutional environments. His analysis shows how return to complex environments is often not based on perceived profit opportunities but is due to an emotional attachment informing investment decisions. Exploring questions of isolation versusassimilation, institutional involvement, and personal networking, the book covers more than just the policy approaches that extract higher levels of remittances and studies broad and varied approaches being used by governments around the world, specifically those in post-conflict economies.Through an in-depth study of the dynamics of return and entrepreneurship, this book shows that concerted efforts need to be made to improve perceptions of state political institutions among the diaspora to secure further assimilation, investment, and prosperity. Williams proves that by understandingthe challenges and opportunities associated with diaspora return entrepreneurship, more effective strategies can, and should, be put in place.
The Reinvention of Development Banking in the European Union by Daniel Mertens (Editor); Matthias Thiemann (Editor); Peter Volberding (Editor)
ISBN: 9780191892073
Publication Date: 2021-04-09

Description: National development banks (NDBs) have transformed from outdated relics of national industrial policy to central pillars of the European Union's economic project. This trend, which accelerated after the Financial Crisis of 2007, has led to a proliferation of NDBs with an expanded size and scope. However, it is surprising that the EU -- which has championed market-oriented governance and strict competition policy -- has actually advocated for an expansion of NDBs. This book therefore asks, Why has the EU supported an increased role for NDBs, and how can we understand the dynamics between NDBs and European incentives and constraints? To answer these questions, the contributing authors analyze the formation and evolution of a field of development banking within the EU, identifying a new field around an innovative conceptualization of state-backed financing for the purposes of policy implementation. Yet rather than focusing solely on national development banks, the authors instead broaden the focus to the entire ecosystem of the field of development banking, which includes political institutions (both in Brussels and in the member states), financing vehicles (such as the Juncker Plan), regulatory bodies (Directorate-General for Competition, Directorate-General for Economic and Financial Affairs), and commercial actors. Seven in-depth case studies on European NDBs, along with three chapters on European-level actors, detail this field of development banking, and answer the questions of when, where, and how development banking occurs within the EU.
Mutiny and Leadership by Keith Grint
ISBN: 9780191914614
Publication Date: 2021-06-15

Description: Whenever leadership emerges within a group, there will be resistance to that leadership. Discontent may manifest in a number of ways, and action will always be determined by factors such as resource, numbers, time, space, and the legitimacy of the resistance. What, then, turns discontent intomutiny?Mutiny is often associated with the occasional mis-leadership of the masses by politically inspired hotheads, or a spontaneous and unusually romantic gesture of defiance against a uniquely overbearing military superior. In reality it is seldom either and usually has far more mundane origins, not inthe absolute poverty of the subordinates but in the relative poverty of the relationships between leaders and the led in a military situation. The roots of mutiny lie in the leadership skills of a small number of leaders, and what transforms that into a constructive dialogue, or a catastrophicdisaster, depends on how the leaders of both sides mobilise their supporters and their networks.Using contemporary leadership theory to cast a critical light on an array of mutinies throughout history, this book suggests we consider mutiny as a permanent possibility that is further encouraged or discouraged in some contexts. From mutinies in ancient Roman and Greek armies to those that toppledthe German and Russian states and forced governments to face their own disastrous policies and changed them forever, this book covers an array of cases across land, sea, and air that still pose a threat to military establishments today. The critical theoretical line also puts into sharp relief theassumption that oftentimes people have little choice in how they respond to circumstances not of their own making. If mutineers could choose to resist what they saw as tyranny, then so can we.
Global Business in the Age of Transformation by Mahesh Joshi; James R. Klein
ISBN: 9780191939648
Publication Date: 2021-10-25

Description: The phenomenon of globalization has been debated for decades. While some voices anticipate the demise of globalization and postulate about a return to former borders and glories, the realities of the world present the undeniable truth that we are all in this together. Unfortunately, it takes a crisis to move us from where we are, and the coronavirus pandemic has served that function. This book presents a straightforward commentary on the transformative impact of this global interconnective state of economies, business sectors, governments, and cultures. Drawing on insights from academics and practitioners around the world, it takes some of the mystery and anxiety out of common perceptions about economic, cultural, and social transformation and offers approaches for survival in the dramatically changing business environment. By taking a look under the surface of everyday rhetoric, we can have deeper, more meaningful conversations about where we are and reflect realistically on how business can succeed in a global world.
Populism and Trade by Kent Jones
ISBN: 9780190086381
Publication Date: 2021-07-30

Description: Around the world, populism has weaponized anxieties over globalization and other forms of cultural, social, and economic change. Many populist leaders have succeeded in conflating trade concerns with apprehensions over immigration, thereby creating potent campaigns to overturn existing tradeagreements and the multilateral cooperation they embody. In the United States, avowed protectionist Donald Trump set out not only to raise tariffs, but to dismantle the system of global trade embodied in the World Trade Organization. In the UK, the Brexit referendum resulted in that country'swithdrawal from the European Union, ending its commitment to trade integration with the continent.Populism and Trade explores the impact of populist regimes on protectionism and the damage they have inflicted on global trade and trade policy institutions. Focusing on the disruption caused by the Trump administration and the Brexit referendum, the book traces the influence of populism on tradepolicy today. Kent Jones shows how these methods will continue to damage global cooperation - something that is essential when faced with international crises like a deadly pandemic - until the sources of populist anger can be addressed. He argues that economic and institutional reforms, along withbetter education and adjustment policies, will be necessary to break the populist fever.In an age of global populism, open trade policy has become a victim of anti-globalization and economic nationalism. Populism and Trade traces the impact of these divisive political tactics to explain the fragile nature of global trade institutions and the steps needed to save them.
Schumpeter's Venture Money by Michael Peneder; Andreas Resch
ISBN: 9780191842726
Publication Date: 2021-04-04

Description: Distinctively tying history with theory, political economist Joseph A. Schumpeter reached far back in time to understand what drives economic development and determines its course. Historical and empirical research provided a laboratory for learning. At the same time, he reached for along-term vision through theoretical inspection and utmost abstraction, seeking to distil a phenomenon's essential nature and function. He believed that good theory can indicate where the economy is headed in the future.Schumpeter's attention to history and theory also informed the plan for this book. Part I trails the historical stream of financial innovations and the scholarly struggle to assimilate them in monetary thought, while Part II focuses on Schumpeter's own monetary theory. Its deliberate reconstructionfrom scattered sources reveals a strikingly original and still modern conception. Drawing from the detailed study of documents at various archives in Austria, Part III then concentrates on the business history of Schumpeter's failed personal endeavours in banking and as a proto-venture capitalist.Finally, Part IV casts light on the legacy of Schumpeter's monetary ideas on contemporary thought. It depicts how monetary theory initially left them behind, yet has more recently set out to return to his ideas on money, financial innovation, and growth. Overall, a surprisingly coherent pictureemerges from the study of Schumpeter's neglected monetary theory, his personal history, and his intellectual legacy on the present day.
State-Firm Coordination and Upgrading by Angela Garcia Calvo
ISBN: 9780191896606
Publication Date: 2021-10-19

Description: Since the 1980s, Spain and South Korea have experienced a dramatic transformation from middle-income to advanced economies. While market liberalization and globalization were important forces for change, and while states continue to be central in the organization of the Spanish and South Korean economies, the liberal and the developmental state perspectives do not provide an understanding of critical elements of these transformations. Building on a combination of historical institutionalism and international business literature, this book shows that upgrading was underpinned by cooperative models based on interdependencies and quid pro quo exchanges between national governments and large firms. The negotiated nature of these arrangements opened the door to institutional variation and enabled Spain and South Korea to pursue different strategies. Spain pursued an integrational approach based on foreign direct investment, technological outsourcing, and regional integration. South Korea pursued a techno-industrial strategy that prioritized self-sufficiency and the development of local technological capacity. Both strategies enabled Spanish and South Korean firms across multiple complex sectors to reach the efficiency frontier, but resulted in different productive specializations in complex services and manufacturing respectively. Through a comparative study this book shifts our perspective on the political economy of economic transformation: from markets or states, to state-firm coordination, as a driver for economic transformation; from one, to at least two, different pathways to upgrading; and from a world divided into emerging economies and world leaders, to a more nuanced perspective that recognizes the perspective of new advanced economies.
The Battle over Patents by Stephen H. Haber (Editor); Naomi R. Lamoreaux (Editor)
ISBN: 9780197576199
Publication Date: 2021-08-20

Description: An examination of how the patent system works, imperfections and all, to incentivize innovation Do patents facilitate or frustrate innovation? Lawyers, economists, and politicians who have staked out strong positions in this debate often attempt to validate their claims by invoking the historical record--but they frequently get the history wrong. The Battle over Patents gets it right. Bringing together thoroughly researched essays from prominent historians and social scientists, this volume traces the long and contentious history of patents and examines how they have worked in practice. Editors Stephen H. Haber and Naomi R. Lamoreaux show that patent systems are the result of contending interests at different points in production chains battling over economic surplus. The larger the potential surplus, the more extreme are the efforts of contending parties-now and in the past-to search out, generate, and exploit any and all sources of friction. Patent systems, as human creations, are therefore necessarily ridden with imperfections. This volume explores these shortcomings and explains why, despite all the debate, historically US-style patent systems still dominate all other methods of encouraging inventive activity.
Information Resolution and Subnational Capital Markets by Christine R. Martell; Tima T. Moldogaziev; Salvador Espinosa
ISBN: 9780190089368
Publication Date: 2021-08-24

Description: A comprehensive explanation of information institutions as they relate to the success of subnational capital marketsGlobal trends in decentralization and the growing role of world cities have increased the importance of infrastructure development. But with competing incentives of suppliers and borrowers of capital in the web of institutional governance arrangements, information problems are inevitable.Understanding how local choices affect these larger trends can help national and city actors not just avoid being paralyzed by information problems, but actually improve information resolution.In this book Christine R. Martell, Tima Moldogaziev, Salvador Espinosa argue that capital markets are a viable financing alternative for subnational borrowers. They explain how subnational governments can manage their fiscal and debt choices to leverage capital markets to finance efficient,effective, and equitable infrastructure provision. The book builds on previous work by exploring the role of information institutions as they relate to the success of subnational capital markets and by advancing options for subnational government to gain agency as active market participants.With broad geographic coverage, Information Resolution and Subnational Capital Markets answers core questions: How does information permeate the landscape and outcomes of subnational government borrowing, both at the aggregate national level and at the city level? What measures and mechanisms cannational and subnational governments take to resolve information problems? And, what can cities do to enhance their agency vis-a-vis central governments and capital market actors, so that they can command a voice in managing internal and external sources of capital financing?
Models of Leadership in Plato and Beyond by Dominic Scott; R. Edward Freeman
ISBN: 9780191874055
Publication Date: 2021-09-15

Description: Leadership has become a prevalent concept across a variety of disciplines, among them history, politics, management studies, economics, and psychology. An array of definitions and theories have been proposed both by those who study leadership, and by those in leadership positions themselves. Here, Dominic Scott and R. Edward Freeman adopt a highly innovative approach by going back to one of the greatest thought leaders of all time, the Greek philosopher Plato. Plato brought a richness and complexity to common ideas about the nature and purpose of leadership. Rather than attempting to give a single 'one-size-fits-all' definition, his strategy was to break it into its different strands. He presents several 'models' of leadership, mostly through images or analogies: the leader as doctor, navigator, artist, teacher, shepherd, weaver, or sower. Each model points to features of leadership that we intuitively recognize to be important, and which still carry significant weight today, such as curing a social malaise or charting a new course. Scott and Freeman set out the essentials of Plato's thought and illustrate each model through modern case studies, including presidents, CEOs, and Nobel laureates. They also measure Plato's models against more recent concepts, using his insights to throw light on contemporary theory and practice. With a principal focus on leadership, and an assumption of no prior knowledge of Plato's works, this book takes a multi-faceted approach to a complex phenomenon.
Farm Income in India by A. Narayanamoorthy
ISBN: 9780190991593
Publication Date: 2021-09-01

Description: The Green Revolution resulted in spectacular advancements in Indian agriculture. Having achieved food security for its citizens, the country has now become a net exporter of different agricultural commodities. But sadly, this does not reflect the real state of the Indian agricultural sector.In truth, our farmers are plagued by crop failures, poor income, and indebtedness. Such is their misery that they are of late driven to commit suicide.In this book, the author identifies poor returns from crop cultivation as the root cause of farmers' problems. Using vast temporal and spatial data, the author explores further and attempts to address some very pertinent questions facing Indian agriculture today: What is the current trend in farmincome? Are the returns from irrigated crops better than un-irrigated crops? Does increased productivity guarantee increased income? Has the agricultural price policy benefitted farmers? To what extent does rural infrastructure development help in increasing farm income? Has the rural employmentguarantee scheme affected farm profitability? The answers will help us determine if we can double farm income by 2022-3, a target set by the present union government.
Healthcare Activism by Susi Geiger (Editor)
ISBN: 9780191897603
Publication Date: 2021-11-09

Description: What is the role of activists and civil society in defining and defending the collective good in healthcare, especially in cases where that good seems to be heavily shaped by market dynamics? Presenting conceptual and empirical studies from a variety of healthcare contexts and theoreticalperspectives, this book addresses this vital question by drawing together multidisciplinary scholarship from Science and Technology Studies, Sociology, Organisation Studies, Marketing, Philosophy, and Public Health.Healthcare has undergone three major changes over the past decades: the advent of personalized medicine, the marketization of public care systems, and the digitalization of healthcare services. This book maps these changes and illustrates the extent to which they are interlinked to produce aseemingly unstoppable move toward individualization in healthcare. The book also highlights the tensions and challenges arising from these interlinkages, and traces how activists react to these tensions to argue for and defend the common good. It thus sketches a multifaceted picture of healthcareactivism in the 21st century as civil society responds to these dynamics at the crossroads of markets and morals, economic and social justifications, individual and collective, and digital and non-digital worlds. Crucially, it also highlights potential solutions for heightening patient voices andbroadening participation in healthcare markets in a post Covid-19 world.
Pensions Imperilled by Craig Berry
ISBN: 9780191826023
Publication Date: 2021-03-12

Description: Private pensions provision in the UK is in crisis, yet it is not the crisis often depicted in political and popular discourses. While population ageing has affected traditional pensions practice, the imperilment of UK pensions is due in fact to the peculiar way policy-makers have responded towider social and economic change. Pensions are a mechanism for managing failed futures, yet this function is being impeded by the individualization of provision.This book offers a political economy perspective on the development of private pensions, focusing specifically on how policy elites have sought to respond to perceived crises of demographic change, under-saving, and fund deficits, and in doing so have absorbed imperatives to subject individuals to amarket-led regime under the influence of neoliberal ideology. This terrain is explored through chapters on the historical and comparative context of UK pensions provision, the demise of collectivist provision, the rise of pensions individualization and the state's role as facilitator and regulatorin this regard, and the financial and economic context in which pensions provision operates. By placing the UK system in a comparative context of pensions reform agendas across the world, this book offers an original understanding of the unique temporality and materiality of pensions provision as aset of mechanisms for coping with generational change and forecast failures in capitalist economies. It also presents a nuanced account of the extent to which the state acts to anchor the process of pensions rematerialization and, crucially, concludes by outlining a coherent and radical programme ofprogressive pensions reform.
Unexpected Prosperity by Oscar Calvo-Gonzalez
ISBN: 9780191888373
Publication Date: 2021-11-23

Description: Only a handful of economies have successfully transitioned from middle to high income in recent decades. One such case is Spain. How did it achieve this feat? Despite its relevance to countries that have yet to complete that transition, this question has attracted only limited attention. As aresult, Spain's development into a prosperous society is a largely under-reported and often misunderstood success story. Unexpected Propserity takes a different look at the questions that usually frame the debate about Spain's economic development. Instead of asking why Spain's catching up wasdelayed, Calvo-Gonzalez asks how it happened in the first place; instead of focusing on how bad institutions undermined economic prospects, as the literature has done, he explains how growth took place even in the presence of poor institutions. This wider view opens new perspectives on Spain'sdevelopment path. For example, comparisons are drawn not only with the richest countries but also with those that were in a similar stage of development as Spain. Drawing on a wide range of material, from archival sources to text analytics, the book provides a new account of why reforms wereadopted, the role of external and internal factors, as well as that of unintended consequences. The result is an original interpretation of the economic rise of Spain that speaks also to the wider literature on the political economy of reform, the role of industrial and public policy more broadly,and the enduring legacy of political violence and conflict.
Competition by Stefan Arora-Jonsson (Editor); Nils Brunsson (Editor); Raimund Hasse (Editor); Katarina Lagerström (Editor)
ISBN: 9780191924460
Publication Date: 2021-09-02

Description: One of the predominant trends of modern society is the pervasive presence of competition. No longer just a function of economic markets or democratic systems, competition has become a favoured tool for governing people and organizations, from the provision of schooling and elder care to theway we consume popular culture. Yet social scientists have played a surprisingly modest role in analysing its implications, as the discussion of competition has largely been confined to its narrow economic meaning.This book opens up competition for the study of social scientists. Its central message is that while competition seems ubiquitous, it should not be taken for granted or be naturalized as an inevitable aspect of human existence. Its emergence, maintenance, and change are based on institutions andorganizational efforts, and a central challenge for social science is to learn more about these processes and their outcomes.With the use of a novel definition of competition, more fundamental questions can be addressed than merely whether or not competition works. How is competition constructed - and by whom? Which behaviours result from competition? What are its consequences? Can competition be removed? And, how dothese factors vary with the object of competition - be it money, attention, status, or other scarce and desired objects? This book investigates these and more questions in studies of competition among and within schools, universities, multinational corporations, auditors, waste-disposal firms,fashion designers, and more.
Conservation by Charles Perrings; Ann Kinzig
ISBN: 9780190613648
Publication Date: 2021-06-15

Description: A unified theory of conservation that addresses the broad problem of conservation, the principles that inform conservation choices, and the application of those principles to the management of the natural world.The conservation of natural resources, like that of any other asset, involves trade-offs. Yet, in a world faced with the harsh realities of climate change, crafting the right environmental policies is an increasingly urgent task. In Conservation, Charles Perrings and Ann Kinzig bring together newresearch in economics and biodiversity to investigate conservation decisions and the theory behind them.Perrings and Kinzig apply the concept of conservation broadly to examine how the principles of conservation apply to the management of the natural world. They demonstrate that the same basic principles serve as the foundation of all rational conservation decisions, from managing financial assets tosafeguarding at-risk ecosystems. Whether someone is deciding to hold or dispose of a stock or whether to exploit or preserve a natural resource, they are better off choosing to conserve a resource when its value to them, if conserved, is greater than its value when converted. The book also considersthe context of such conservation decisions. Just as national tax rules influence choices about financial investments, environmental regulations within countries, and environmental agreements between countries, impact the decisions regarding natural resources. Building on their basic theory ofconservation, Perrings and Kinzig address key issues in the field of environmental economics, including the valuation of ecosystem services and environmental assets; the limits on the substitutability of produced and natural capital; and the challenges posed by the often weak markets for ecosystemservices oriented toward the public good. They also address the problem of scale: while decisions might be easier to make at the local level, many conservation policies need to apply at either the national or international level to succeed.Written by experts from both social and hard sciences, this book presents a unified theory of conservation and provides a model for a more effective way to approach the vitally important issue.
Deindustrialization, Distribution, and Development by Andy Sumner
ISBN: 9780191887406
Publication Date: 2021-11-30

Description: The term rust belt has rarely been associated with developing countries. In fact, it is commonly used to discuss deindustrialization in advanced nations, particularly the US. However, this book argues that such a belt is now threatening the middle-income developing world, spreading across Brazil and other countries in Latin America, running down across South Africa, and then upwards to Malaysia, Indonesia, Thailand, and the Philippines in South East Asia. Deindustrialization, Distribution, and Development: Structural Change in the Global South explores the emergent processes of stalled industrialization and the spectre of deindustrialization in these developing countries. Building upon the author's previous work on economic development, structural change, and income inequality, this book examines the causes and consequences of these new issues, focusing on inequality both between and within countries since the Cold War. Providing a comparative, in-depth analysis of the varieties of contemporary structural change in the Global South and challenging many long-standing myths, this work explains why late development remains a crucial concept in understanding contemporary development and explores what deindustrialization means for the future of global development.
Monetary Policy in Times of Crisis by Massimo Rostagno; Carlo Altavilla; Giacomo Carboni; Wolfgang Lemke; Roberto Motto; Arthur Saint Guilhem; Jonathan Yiangou
ISBN: 9780191916403
Publication Date: 2021-08-10

Description: The first twenty years of the European Central Bank (ECB) offer a clear demonstration of how a central bank can navigate macroeconomic insecurity and crisis. As the global economy moves into a new phase of unheralded uncertainty, the story of the ECB holds multiple lessons of widersignificance for the central banking community and researchers of monetary policy.This volume provides a unique account of how the ECB has reacted to the challenges confronting the euro area through its monetary policy, turning to innovative measures and unprecedented policy actions to fend off the various threats posed by the global financial turmoil of 2007/08, the euro areasovereign debt market crisis, and the subsequent period of anaemic growth and deflationary pressures.It also addresses some of the criticisms the ECB has faced regarding its policy initiatives. It identifies the ultimate motivation behind the ECB's cautious attitude in the early phases of the financial crisis, and its peculiar definition of price stability and attention for credit creation, as wellas addressing the criticism that central banks were fundamentally unprepared to head off a major financial cataclysm as they were wedded to a deficient economic paradigm which made them blind to financial risks. It also shows that the ECB's unconventional low-interest policies have not compromisedthe position of financial intermediaries in the way commentators initially predicted they would.By condensing the facts and lessons of the first 20 years of the ECB, this volume will acquaint the reader with the structures and decision-making processes behind the complex, often controversial, crisis measures that were taken during some of the toughest economic challenges in the history ofmodern Europe, and provide them with fresh ex-post analysis on their effect on the real economy and inflation.
New Perspectives on Structural Change by Ludovico Alcorta (Editor); Neil Foster-McGregor (Editor); Bart Verspagen (Editor); Adam Szirmai (Editor)
ISBN: 9780191884566
Publication Date: 2021-05-23

Description: New Perspectives on Structural Change is a comprehensive edited volume that outlines both the historical roots and state-of-the-art debates on the role of structural change in the process of economic development, including both orthodox and heterodox perspectives and contributions fromprominent scholars in this field. The volume consists of four main sections. The first section covers the theoretical foundations of the structural change literature. The second section presents an empirical overview of the major trends of structural change, using up-to-date data sources andmethods. The third section presents a broad ranging empirical analysis of the drivers of structural change. The fourth section examines how processes such as inclusive growth, poverty reduction, productive employment, the global income distribution, and environmental sustainability are affected bystructural change, and how they can be influenced by policy.
Philanthropy and the Development of Modern India by Arun Kumar
ISBN: 9780191905117
Publication Date: 2021-11-09

Description: Drawing on the history of the philanthropy of India's economic elites, Arun Kumar discusses how their ideas and understanding of development have shifted and changed over time. Going beyond the more familiar criticisms of development's entanglements with colonialism, Kumar interrogates the changes in development imaginaries in terms of modernity's entanglements with the national question, including anti-colonial nationalism and post-colonial nation-building during the twentieth century. Development, he suggests, can be usefully read and critiqued as national-modern. Philanthropy and the Development of Modern India plots the careers of the national-modern in four main sites of development: civil society, community, science and technology, and selfhood. In an unusual move reading socio-economic nationalist reform from the first half of the twentieth century alongside post-colonial development from the second half, Kumar uncovers the lineages of contemporary development ideas such as self-care, self-reliance, merit, etc. In all this, elites were driven by a 'pedagogic reflex': to teach different sections of Indian society of how to be modern and developed. Contrary to development studies' characterization of elites as anti-development or captors of scarce resources, Kumar shows how elites longed for development for others. Development provided the moral justification, in their calculations, for protecting their commercial interests as they navigated the turbulent Indian twentieth century.
Practical Microsimulation Modelling by Cathal O'Donoghue
ISBN: 9780191887178
Publication Date: 2021-11-23

Description: The purpose of this book is to bring together, for the first time, a description and examples of the main methods used in microsimulation modelling used in the field of income distribution analysis. It is structured to develop and use the different types of models used in the field, with afocus on household targeted policy.The book aims to provide a greater degree of codified knowledge by providing a practical guide to developing and using microsimulation models. At present, the training of researchers and analysts that use and develop microsimulation modelling is done on a relatively ad hoc basis through occasionaltraining programmes and lecture series, built around lecture notes. Practical Microsimulation Modelling enables a more formalised and organised approach. Each chapter addresses a separate modelling approach in a similar consistent way, describing in a practical way the key methodological skills foreach approach.
The Systems Work of Social Change by Cynthia Rayner; François Bonnici
ISBN: 9780191890239
Publication Date: 2021-10-25

Description: The issues of poverty, inequality, racial justice, and climate change have never been more pressing or paralyzing. Current approaches to social change, which rely on industrial models of production and power to "solve" social problems, are not helping. In fact, they are designed to entrench the status quo. In The Systems Work of Social Change, Cynthia Rayner and François Bonnici draw on two hundred years of history and a treasure trove of stories of committed social changemakers to uncover principles and practices for social change that radically depart from these approaches. Rather than delivering "solutions," these principles and practices focus on the process of change itself. Through rich storytelling and lucid analysis, Rayner and Bonnici show that connection, context, and power sit at the heart of the change process, ensuring broader agency for people and communities to create social systems that are responsive and representative in a rapidly changing world. Simple yet profound, this book distills a timely set of lessons for practitioners, leaders, scholars, and policymakers.